Method of controlling mechanism by means of electric or electromagnetic waves of high frequency.



No. 663,400. Patented Dec. 4, I900.

' E. WILSON &. C. J. EVANS.

METHOD OF CONTROLLING MECHANISM BV MEANS OF ELECTRIC 0R- ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES OF HIGH FREQUENCY. 1

(Application filed July 28. 1898.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

No. 663,400. Patented Dec. 4, I900. E. WILSON 81. C. J. EVANS. METHOD OF CONTROLLING MECHANISN BY MEANS OF ELECTRIC 0R ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES OI;- HICH FREQUENCY.

(Application filed July 28, 1598.) (PM P801161.) 3 Sheots-She&i 2.

No. 663,400. Patented Dec. 4, I900.

E. WILSON & C. J. EVANS.

METHOD OF CONTROLLING MECHANISM BY MEANS OF ELECTRIC OR Y ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES OF HIGH FREQUENCY.

(Application flied July 28, 1898.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W U H UNITED STATES ERNEST WILSON AND CHARLES JOHN EVANS, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

METHOD OF CONTROLLING MECHANISM BY MEANS or ELECTRIC on ELECTROMAGNETIC wAvEs OF HIGH FREQUENCY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 663,400, dated December 4, 1900 Application filed July 28, 1898, serial No. 687,088. (No modeL) I I To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that we, ERNEST WILSON, re-

I siding at 64 St. J ohns Park, Blackheath, London, and CHARLES J OHN EVANS, residing at 108 Oastelnau, Barnes, London, England, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain, have invented a certain new and useful Method of Controlling a Mechanism by Means of Elec trio or Electromagnetic Waves of High Frequency, (for which we have applied for a patent in Great Britain hearing date 0'2 December 29, 1897,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the apparatus used in connection with the socalled Hertzian waves for'controlling'-.-a

mechanism at a distance without the intervention of a metallic conductor; -and it consists in the use of two receivers placed at right angles to one-another, :which "receivers respectively respond to a movable transmitter when the same is brought into a plane approximately parallel 101 the plane of the receiver and the straight linejoining the centers of the two systems is approximately perpendicular to the planes of transmitter and receivers, or which receivers each individually respondto separate transmitters. By this arrangement we are able to control mechanism at a distance which is in connection with and operated by the two receivers at right angles. Y

Our invention also consists'in the employment of one receiver and an instrument for bringing into operative position the coherers orothercontact-making devlces, whereby the coherers belonging to the respective electrov magnetic mechanisms can be operated in any ordeiyor combination. Y 40 lowing drawings and show how the same may 7 be performed.

i v z r transmitter 11 12-. Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of two r'eceivers at right angles to one another. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of a movable transmitter. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the disvolving commutator for completing certain I circuit-s. Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view illustrating separate receiyersarranged one above the other, each having a separate coherer.

Fig. 10 represents. the wings of several re 7 ceivers connected by a" common coherer.

Figs. 11 and 12--illustratei automatic tapping means for restoringthe coherers to their normal condition..

Throughout the dicate like parts.'

1 2 and 6 7, Fig. 1,are the receiversatright angles. The coil 4, Fig. 1, is the coil of an electromagnetic mechanism controlling the drawings like numbers incircuit 48, which may be an ordinary electro-.

magnetic relay and which it is required to operate throughthe intervention of Hertzian waves. This takes place when the coherer or other contact-making device5 is actuated by the electrical impulses received by the receiver 1 2. Such action closes the circuit sufficiently at 5 and allowsa current of suflicieut. strength to flow from the battery 3 through the coil 4 of the electromagnetic mechanism.

The receiver 6 7 is provided with a coherer or other contact-making device 8, a battery 9, and the coil of anelectromagnetic mechanism 10, which may be an ordinary electromagnetic V relay controlling the circuit 50.

The conductors 11 12, Fig. 2, forming 'one transmitter may be c of the same shape as shown at 1 and 2.in Fig. 1. They are mounted upon a horizontal shaft 13, supported in bearings 16, and capable of being turned around by means of thehandle 14. TheRuhmkorli coil 15 is for thepurpose of exciting the If the plane in which the transmitter 11 12 turns when the handle 14 is operated is approximately parallel to'the plane of the receivers 1 2 and 6 7, Fig. 1, and

the straight line joining the centers of these twosystems be perpendicular to each plane,

the transmitter when vertical is capable of operating the circuit connected to the receiver 1 2, Fig. 1. Similarly when horizontal itis capable of operating the circuit of the receivers 6 7, Fig. 1, and in an intermediate position it is capable of operating both circuits simultaneously.

The two coils 19 20, Fig. 3, are the coils of an electromagnetic mechanism which may be an ordinary electromagnetic relay. Coil 19 is in series with the battery 3, the coil 4, and the contact-making device 5, also shown in- Fig. 1; and similarly with regard to the coil 20 and the battery 9, the coil 10, and the contact-making device 8, also shown in Fig. 1. When both the coherers or other contactmaking devices 5 8 are acted upon by the electrical impulses received by the receivers 1 2 6 7, connected with the conductors 17 17 18 18, so as to sufficiently close the two contacts simultaneously, the electromagnetic mechanism, actuated by the coils 19 20, operates and controls the circuit 49; but otherwise it does not operate,'because the current to be supplied in one coil 19 or 20 is notto be of sufiicientstrength to operate the electromagnetic mechanism, while when both coils 19 20 are supplied with current the currentturns have sufficient strength to operate the mechanism. If. preferable, we so construct the electromagnetic mechanism in connection with coils ,4 10 that if both are simultaneously operated a third mechanism is thereby automatically brought into operation. In this case the coils 19 20 would not be required. This may be accomplished, as shown in Fig. 7, in which-the third circuit 51 is completed when both coils 4 and 10areexcited simultaneously. If desirable, we may so interconnect the relays that when both are excited only the circuit 51 is made.

The transmitter 11 12, Fig. 4, and the ex citing Ruhmkorif coil 15 are those also shown in Fig. 2. When using stationary transmitters, we place the second transmitter 21 22, excited by another Ruhmkorii coil 23, at right angles to the transmitter 11 12. This arrangement enables us to carry out the same operations as with the movable transmitter, Fig. 2-tl1at is to say, when the plane of the transmitters, Fig. 1, is-approxiinately parallel to the plane of the receivers, Fig. 1, and the straight line joining the centers of these two systems is approximately perpendicular to each plane the horizontal transmitter 21 22 can be made to operate the horizontal receiver 6 7. Similarly the vertical transmitter 1112 can be made to operate thevert-ic'al receiver 1 2. Further, when stationarytransmitters are employed by the simultaneous operation of the two transmitters 11 12 and 21 22 the two receivers 1 2 and 6 7 can be simultaneously operated for the purpose of operating a thirdjelectromagnetic mechanism, as already set forth in connection with Fig. 3.

WVhen using an ordinary coherer, it will probably be necessary to use a relay in its circuit; but with'other contact-making devices we may use a relay or not, as may be desirable. ceiver at the apparatus or apparatiand bring into operative position, by means. of clockwork or otherwise, in any order or combination, the coherers or other contact-making devices controlling the various circuits at predetermined intervals of time.

In Fig. 8, 37 37 are brushes in connection We can, if desirable, use only on rewith the vanes of a single receiver,- which bear on comm u talors 38 38, which consist of metal plates fixed, as shown, to the periphery of an insulating-cylinder 39, the said cylinder being rotated (at a speed suitedto the particular object in view) by means of clockwork or otherwise. Between each of the pairs of plates is a coherer or other contact-making device, each of which when it'is an operative position in connection with the'brushes 37 37 controls one of the circuits 4:0 41 42 43, to which it is connected by rings and brushes 44, 45, 46, and 47, as shown. We can also cause the oscillations or waves to start an operation or operations which is or are automatically performed by the mechanism or mechanisms.

In Figs. 5 and 6, which indicate theapplh cation of another partof our invention, 21 is a small core of steel wires, insulated from one another, wound with a solenoid 22. The terminals 17 17 of the solenoid are connected to one of the receivers, as shown in Fig. 1. A

of a fine metal conductor and sets itself in a magnetic field, whose direction is determined by and is the resultant of the fields due to the small coil-.21 when magnetized and an exter-, nal controlling-magnet provided for the purpose, together with the 'earths field unless eliminated. The permanent magnet 64. (an

end view of which is shown in Fig.6) can slide on and revolve around the supportingrod 65, fixed to the stand 27 after the manner of the adjusting-magnet of an ordinary galvanometer. 61 is diagrammatically shown in Fig. 5. The sensibility and initial position of theap'parat-us can be varied by suitably adjusting 64. When the core 21, which is used in this instance in place of a coherer, is magnetized, the needle 23 is, as shown in Fig. 5, with its projection 29, resting against the stop 30. When the core is demagnetized by the impulses received by the receiver connected by the conductors 17 17 or partially so, the needle 23 is deflected so as to come into contact with the contact 24, as shown by the dotted lines. This operation closes a circuit containing a battery 25, the coil 26 of an electromagnetic mechanism which it is desired to operate, and the solenoid 22. The solenoid thereby magnetizes the core 21 upon which the needle 23 is deflected to its initial position, as shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 6 gives desmall magnet-needle is suspended by means tails as to the way in which the apparatus anisms from one or more positions by having may be constructed. The solenoid-22. with its core 21, rests on a small support fixed in front of the solenoid to the upright 27. is suspended a magnet-needle 23,to which isattached another needle 31 in order to render the system astatic. When necessary, the system is provided with a mirror 32 in order to read by means of a spot of light and a scale in the well-known manner. In order to restore the contact to its high resistance, it is necessary to tap the coherer. This we elfect in'a well-known manner by the intervention of the electromagnetic apparatus operated by .the electrical impulses, or this can be accomplis'hed by external tapping apparatus.

. A decohering arrangement is shown in Fig. 1].,where52 is acoherer which is in series with the electromagnetic mechanism or relay for example, 4 or l0the electromagnet 53, battery 54, spring 55, ahd fixed contact 56,

wit-h which the spring 55 normally makes contact; but upon the coherer being cohered a current passes through the electromagnet 53, which then attracts the armature 57, (fixed to the spring,) whereupon the hammer 58 hits the coherer and decoheres it and then returns to its original position, or we may arrange for some movable part of the mechanism controlled to hit the coherer, or we may arrange, as in Fig. 12, a contact 63 to be made by a movable part of the apparatus at a suit able time with the result described in connec- -tion ,with Fig. 11, the parts being similar.

W'e preferably place one receiver vertically, or nearly so, so that when the trans-.

'mit-ter is vertical or sulficiently so it will affect this receiver and its coherer or other contact-making device when-it is in any part of the horizontal plane in which the transmitter I These modificae tions forming no'essential part of our invenisor sufliciently nearly init.

tion are not illustrated. Or we can employ two or more receivers at suitable angles to one antither in a horizontal plane. By this method one at least of the receivers in the horizontal plane is always capable of being acted upon by oscillations or waves of suit- We may use a coherer or other contact-making device-with each receiver, as shown in Fig. 9,

in which 59 indicates separate receivers arranged one abovethe other,each with a separate coherer 60, or one coherer or other contact-making device may be common to any or all of the receivers in one plane, as shown in Fig.1], in which 61 indicates the wings of the receivers connected to a commoh coherer 62; we may suspend the system of receivers preferably upon gimbals after the manner of a marine compass, so that it is always kept-in the same position or nearly so relatively to the horizontal plane. If desirable, we can mount the gimbals or system, or both, on springs or provide other means for damping out vibrations. We can control a mechanism orset of mechsuitable transmitters at each, or we can control a set of mechanisms from the same trans mitter', or we can control more than one mech anism or set of mechanisms simultaneously and independently by employing transmitters and receivers of different wave lengths for each. We can use a reflector on the transmitter or receiver or on each to focus or concentrate the oscillations on the receiver.

Having'now described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a mechanism for controlling other mechanism at a distance by means of electric waves, the combination of a receiving mechanism having a pair of receivers arranged at right angles to each other, electromagnetic mechanism connected with each receiver, a transmitting mechanism having transmitters arranged at right angles to one another, said transmitters being opposite to the receivers for sending electric impulses to the same, substantially as described. v

2. In a mechanism for operating electromagnetic devices from a distance, the combination of receivers, coherers connected with the receivers, said receivers being arranged at right angles to each other, electromagnetic mechanism. connected with each coherer, a transmitting mechanism having transmitters arranged at right angles and so arranged as to be opposite to the receivers, whereby electric energy can be transmitted to the electromagnetic mechanisms, substantially as described.

3. In a device for controlling mechanisms by electric waves, the combination of receivers arranged at right angles to each other, transmitters arranged at right angles to each other and in a plane parallel to the .plane of the receivers and so that the line joining their centers will be approximately perpendicular to the said parallel planes, relays connected with't-he receivers arranged at right angles to each other and contact-making devices in circuit with the said receivers, electromagnetic mechanisms connected with the relays, the construction beingsuch that the transmitters too thus arranged opposite to the receivers may impart an electric impulse toeither of the re-.

ceivers, substantially as described.

4. In a mechanism for transmitting electrical energy, the combination of areceiving mechanism having two receivers arranged at right angles to each other, electromagnetic mechanism connected with the saidreceivers,

and transmitters arranged at right angles to 

